Optimal Insurance Against Climatic Experience

An optimal insurance contract against a climatic risk is derived in the presence of an uninsurable and dependent aggregate production risk. The optimal design depends on the stochastic dependency between both sources of uncertainty and on the producer's attitude towards risk, especially on his prudent behavior. Rational weather insurance purchasing decisions are also derived. The prudent producer responds to actuarially fair weather insurance by increasing his exposure towards risk.     

生态位理论及其在生态经济规划中的应用

生态经济规划是生态经济建设的重要组成部分。本文根据区域经济发展与资源环境条件的关系，初步探讨了生态位理论在生态经济规划中的应用。     

Toward a telework taxonomy and test for suitability: A synthesis of the literature

The current merging of computer and communications technologies is facilitating the trend towardtelework-remote work arrangements enabled by information technology. Organizations today have ever increasing options in the management and distribution of their work processes. In this study, we review the research on telework conducted in the United States, Western Europe, and Japan. We then propose a taxonomy for classifying different types of telework. Using this taxonomy, we examine the spatial, coordination, and temporal structures of different types of telework.Previous research results indicate that the introduction of telework is a complex process and has profound implications for the organization. However, this research critically lacks any guidance for the decision maker in determining the feasibility of implementing telework. We propose a framework for a telework suitability test to determine the appropriateness of telework, in a particular situation. This telework suitability test integrates existing research findings with future research areas.     

低丘缓坡土地开发利用适宜性分析与评价

本文从土地适宜性评价体系入手,通过选取评价因子,构建评价模型,进而运用GIS的空间叠加分析功能,对云南省昆明市晋宁县低丘缓坡土地开发利用适宜性进行了综合分析评价。该评价结果可以为科学合理的进行低丘缓坡土地开发提供依据。     

Land suitability evaluation for development using a matter-element model: A case study in Zengcheng, Guangzhou, China

Land suitability evaluation can assist in the efficient use of land resources at a regional level. This is an important issue because of the pressures that an increasing population and economic growth have put on limited land resources. Matter-element theory, which was first put forward by the Chinese mathematician Cai Wen, has shown potential for solving incompatibility problems. Based on the matter-element model, this paper uses land use, roads, water bodies, population density, distance from center of the city, geodetic height, and slope as factors in modeling land suitability for development. Zengcheng, an urban-rural administration was used as a case study for applying the matter-element model to assessing the suitability of land for development. The model was cross referenced with local urban plans for verification and the results of this study show that the model constructed was effective at assessing the suitability of land for development. According to both the classification map created using the matter-element model and the statistics on the of land suitability classes, the study area was found to have a considerable amount of land which is highly suitable for development. After the category ‘highly suitable’, the next largest total land area was in the category of ‘not suitable’ for development, while there was relatively little land classified as moderately and marginally suitable. The percentage of the total land area of each class of suitability was 41.80%, 34.22%, 16.35% and 7.64%, respectively. Apart from this, the study also demonstrated the advantage of matter-element models over fuzzy theory, as they provide much more information. For example, all integrated degree of all classes in the paper had ranges from −1 to 1, but differed from each other by percentage. In the category of ‘highly suitable’ only 45.51% of matter-elements fully conformed to the criteria (those within a range of 0-0.5925), while the remainder (54.49%) did not corresponded to the requirements of the category, but did have the potential to do so with relatively few changes (those within a range of −0.3923-0 degrees). This data provides us with an understanding of the potential and limitation to development of the land in the region.     

武汉市工业用地生态适宜性评价

研究目的：阐明城市工业用地生态适宜性评价的理论与方法,评价武汉市都市圈内的工业用地生态适宜性。研究方法：多因素加权评价法与GIS空间分析方法。研究结果：（1）明确了城市工业用地生态适宜性评价必须以生态为前提;（2）进行了武汉市工业用地生态适宜性评价及评价结果的分析,并指出其空间分析必须在同一尺度下进行;（3）探究了武汉市工业用地的发展方向。研究结论：武汉市都市圈工业用地呈集团式发展,应当控制其向生态敏感区发展。     

区域发展规划中建设用地需求量预测研究

以大连花园口经济区及周边区域为评价区,以土地可持续利用理论为依据,应用土地生态适宜性评价方法,在GIS技术（MapInfo7.0）的支持下,基于公里网格,选择地形地貌、土地利用现状两大因子为评价指标,对大连花园口经济区及周边建设用地适宜性进行综合评价,旨在为合理有效地安排土地资源的用途提供科学依据。评价结果表明：大连花园口经济区及周边最适宜、较适宜、基本适宜、勉强适宜建设用地面积分别为35 145.60、13 651.97、19 001.93、7 540.04hm2,分别占评价区总面积的46.65%、18.12%、25.22%、10.01%。通过对大连花园口经济区及周边建设用地适宜性评价,从而推测出该区域发展规划中对建设用地的需求量。     

基于“双评价”的永久基本农田划定研究 ——以黄石市为例

研究目的：探索基于“资源环境承载力和国土空间开发适宜性评价”下的永久基本农田划定方法,为区域国土空间用途管制和永久基本农田划定提供参考。研究方法：在“双评价”的基础上,构建“承载力—适宜性—质量”三位一体的永久基本农田划定技术模型,并以黄石市为例开展永久基本农田划定实证研究。研究结果：（1）基于“短板理论”,考虑限制性因素和驱动性因素,建立耕地资源承载力评价指标体系,并在承载力基础上完成农业生产适宜性评价,从生态保护功能角度开展生态保护适宜性评价;（2）永久基本农田划定方法充分考虑了资源环境对耕地生产稳定性的约束作用,确保了耕地生产功能稳定发挥,同时统筹兼顾了生态保护与基本农田保护的需求,优化了国土空间格局;（3）结合耕地质量对黄石市耕地进行分区,划分为优先保护区、适宜保护区、后备调控区、生态退耕区4类,在耕地分区基础上综合划定永久基本农田。研究结论:该方法能够统筹区域生态保护与耕地保护双重目标,为优化国土空间开发保护格局提供了新思路。     

欧盟气候政策的利益导向及对中国的启示

自20世纪90年代以来,欧盟一直是全球气候谈判的主导者,其低碳技术领先全球,将世界各国尤其是美国、中国等排放大国纳入其主导的全球气候谈判体系符合欧盟三大布局主导下的核心战略目标.全球气候谈判的焦灼,迫使欧盟通过欧盟—拉美峰会、非加太—欧盟联合大会等平台,拉拢利益合作伙伴,以增加其主导气候谈判走向的砝码.欧盟气候政策的转变,削弱了气候谈判中以中国为代表的发展中国家谈判阵营的力量,使中国日益面临谈判伙伴减少,乃至被孤立的风险,增加了未来的谈判压力和难度.为此,中国要加紧对欧盟气候外交长期战略布局的研究,密切关注欧盟今后的气候外交政策动向,制定长期气候外交政策战略,同时加紧国内低碳转型的速度与力度.     

基于GIS的乡镇土地生态适宜性评价研究--以马口镇为例

对乡镇土地进行生态适宜性评价是乡镇进行科学城镇化的基础。论文借助GIS技术,从评价指标体系构建、单因子生态适宜性评价、评价因子权重确定、生态适宜性综合评价、生态适宜性分区等方面,提出了乡镇生态适宜性评价方法,并以马口镇为例,探讨了此方法的实际应用。